Tropologia: A Key to Open Scripture Metaphors

SCRIPTURE METAPHORS,

XIN FOUR BOOKS.

TO WHICH AUK PREFIXED,

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TOGETHER WITH

TYPES OF THE OLD TESTAMENT.

EEV. BENJAMIN KEACH.

" I have used similitudes " — »ri'l"\VT ptn — Proposui simWMdines.'^'Hosea. xii. 10.

" If I have told you earthly things, and ye believed not ; how shall ye believe, if 1 tell you of heavenly things?" —John. iii. 12.

El Ta eiriyeia eiisov vjj.iv, K&t av Trifeuere, TTWJ, eav etirca vfuv TO. eirovpai'ia vifevcrere ; Si terrena disci vdbis, et non creditws ; quomodo, si dixero vobis caelestia, creditus? Existimo Tropos Oratorios multo sublimfores, essicadoresque in Sacra lectione inveniri, quam inpriscorum Grcecarum

et Latinorum Monumentis,possegueoratoriamphrasinjieri ea lectione multo locupletiorem." — Budaus ex Citat.

Cl. Kivet. " Search the Scriptures, for in them ye think ye have eternal life, and they are they which testify of me." — John

PRINTED AT THE BONMAHON INDUSTEIAL PRINTING SCHOOL, (ESTABLISHED OCT. 1851, BY THE EEV. D. A. DOTTDNEY, CURATE OF MONKSLA.ND ;)

AND PUBLISHED BY

WILLIAM HILL COLLINGRIDGE, CITY PRESS, 1, LONG LANE, LONDON.

CHAP. PAGE

THE Divine Authority of the Holy Scriptures . . ix

I. Of a Metonomy of the cause 1

VI. Of a Metaphor in general ... 36

VII. Of an Anthropopathy 40 The parts and members

of a man attributed to God ibib.

Human affections ascribed to God . . 48 „ actions ascribed to God. . . 50

Adjuncts ascribed to God 65

VIII. Metaphors translated from other creatures

Actions of living creatures ascribed to God . . 77 Some members or parts of a living creature are ascribed to God. . 78

IX. Of a ProsopopaBia . 88 X. Metaphors taken from

XI. „ Minerals, Plants,

and living creatures 128

,, Inanimate bodies ibid.

„ Things growing out of

„ The olive tree and its

„ The Parts and members

of living creatures . 141 Metaphors taken from the kinds of living creatures 147

XII. „ Man and what belongs to him . 155 „ A human body and its members ibid

„ Such things as concern

„ The various differences of mankind . . . 165

„ The various adjuncts of men . . 173

XIII. Sacred persons and things . . . 178 „ Men sacred to God 179

Places sacred to God ibid. „ Sacred rites . 181

XIV. Of a Synecdoche . 184

XV. A Synecdoche of the species . . . . 185

XVIII. Of a Catachresis 188

XIX. Of an Hyperbole . 189

I. Of the figures of a Word 199

III. Of Antanaclasis . 202

IV. Of the figures of a sentence in Logism . 203

V. Of an Erotesis, or interrogation . . 210

VI. Of the figures of a sentence in Dialogism . 212

VII. Of other schemes of Sentences and amplifications 213

1. Schemes taken from

Causes ibid.

2. „ Adjuncts and circumstances ibid.

3. „ Disparates or different Things 214

7. „ Definition ibid.

Article I. The Definition of

a type . . 225 II. Of the Division of

Types . . 228 III. Of prophetical Types and typical and symbolical actions ibid.

IV. Of prophetical and typical Visions . 226 V. Of an historical Type and its first

VI. Other Divisions of

an historical Type « 232 VII. Nine Canons or

rules expounding Type . . 233

1. The definition of the Word and Thing . 238

2. Its Division ibid.

3. Canons respecting it 239

BOOK III.

Metaphors, &c., that relate to

the Word of God .526

Metaphors, &c., respecting

Baptism a burial . 029

The Lord's Supper . 632 „ The holy angels of God, and the soul and spirit of man . . . 642 „ The Church of God 666 „ Men . .736

Mystery Babylon 862

„ The Day of grace 928

„ The means of grace 929

„ The World, the life

of Man, and the four last things 951

Moses5 Vail removed ; or Types of

the Old Testament explained 972

THE divine wisdom treasured up in the Bible, although unadorned with the paint of human eloquence, gives us a rich profusion of a grave, genuine, and majestic dignity of elocution, suitable to those sacred mysteries it unfolds. The best evidence of which is, the taste and experience of that sweetness, which many have found in it. Augustine says, That the Scriptures seemed rude, and unpolished to him, in comparison of Cicero's adorned style, because he did not then understand its Interiora, i. e. inward beauty ; but when his mind was illuminated to understand them, no writing appeared so wise or even eloquent. Gregory Nanzianzen, a man of prodigious wit and learning, when he came to take to the study of this sacred philosophy, vilifies all other ornaments of literature amongst the Greek philosophers. And not only Nanzianzen did so, but the learned Paul also. By the very precepts of Rhetoric, which may be one man's eloquence, may be another's folly, because the style must be suited to the various circumstances of persons and things. The lawyer pleads eloquently, and strives to move the affections of others ; the judge pronounces the sentence gravely, and the king commands. But if the king persuades, or the judge contends, they throw off the person of a king or judge, and assume the person of a subject and pleader. What then is the law of the King of kings, and Lord of lords ? Do we think that Jehovah will use inductions as Plato, syllogisms as Aristotle, epiphonemas as Cicero, subtleties as Seneca, or any artificial syntax ? If a royal edict was published in school syllogisms, every wise man would laugh at it. The more plain the word and law of the Almighty is, the more becoming the divine Author and Lawgiver, and profitable for mankind, as more easily understood, and being like bread accommodated to every palate. …